production de ferrochrome.

Ferrochrome (FeCr) – Mineral-Loy

Ferrochrome Ferrochrome (FeCr) is an alloy of chromium and iron, generally containing 48 to 70% chromium by weight. It is produced in an electric arc furnace by the reduction of chromite ore. South Africa has the largest reserves of chromite ore and is also the world's largest producer of Ferrochrome with most production being exported to China.

The impact of platinum production from UG2 ore on ferrochrome …

Ferrochrome (FeCr) is the main source of chromium (Cr) units used in modern-day chromium (Cr) containing alloys. The vast majority of produced Cr is used during the production of stainless ...

The Evaluation of Chemical Wear of Carbon-Based Tap-Hole …

In ferrochrome (FeCr) production, the tap-hole refractory represents the highest wear area. Preliminary desktop FactSage modelling work conducted by Steenkamp (J South Afr Inst Min Metall 119(8):537–544, 2019) indicated that both alloy and slag had the potential to chemically wear the carbon-based tap-hole refractory material. The current ...

Melting Ferrochrome Using Chrome-Ore Briquettes

Results are provided for experimental-industrial tests of high-carbon ferrochrome smelting with partial replacement of the basic chromium ore with chromium ore briquettes produced by OJSC Donskoi Ore Mining and Processing Plant in an amount of 20–40% of the chromium ore raw material supplied to TNC Kazchrome JSC Aksu Ferroalloys Plant …

Ferrochrome | SpringerLink

The production methods of high-carbon ferrochrome mainly include blast furnace method and submerged arc furnace method. The raw materials used are chrome ore, coke, and silica. High-quality metallurgical grade chrome ore requires Cr 2 O 3 > 48%, S < 0.1%, P < 0.1%, and Cr 2 O 3 /FeO > 3. The blast furnace method can only produce special pig ...

Outokumpu va doubler sa production de ferrochrome

Le géant finnois de l'acier inoxydable vient d'annoncer le doublement de ses capacités de production de ferrochrome à 530 000 tonnes. Pour réaliser ses ambitions, Outukumpu va investir 420 ...

12.4 Ferroalloy Production

12.4 Ferroalloy Production 12.4.1 General Ferroalloy is an alloy of iron with some element other than carbon. Ferroalloy is used to ... HC ferrochrome Ferrochrome/silicon FeSi (90% Si) Low carbon (LC) ferrochrome, LC ferromanganese, medium carbon (MC) ferromanganese Chromium metal, ferrotitanium,

An Overview of Currently Applied Ferrochrome …

An Overview of Currently Applied Ferrochrome Production Processes and Their Waste Management Practices Stephanus P. du Preez 1,*, Tristan P. M. van Kaam 2, Eli Ringdalen 3, Merete Tangstad 2, Kazuki Morita 4, Dmitri G. Bessarabov 1, Pieter G. van Zyl 5 and Johan P. Beukes 5

(PDF) Resource Intensity Trends in the South African Ferrochrome …

Electrical energy intensity was observed to de-crease from 3.47 to 2.86 kWh per ton ferrochrome, mainly as a result of cle aner smelting technology, ... being used for ferrochrome production. It ...

What is ferrochrome (FeCr) and what is it used for

Low carbon ferrochrome (LC FeCr), with a carbon content below 0.5%, is a ferroalloy used to regulate the ratio of chromium in steel production without adding carbon and other …

EFFECT OF CHROME ORE QUALITY ON FERROCHROME PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY

Cost analysis of chrome ore reduction is one of the important issues facing ferrochrome producers in today's competitive environment. Much of this depends on quality and various ratios in the actual ore. The latter can have a direct bearing on electricity consumption and optimum efficiency of the furnaces. While the industry has been successful in reducing …

Ferrochrome

Ferroalloys: Production and use in Steel-making. Y.E. Lee, in Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, 2001 (b) Ferrochrome–silicon Ferrochrome –silicon is …

Metalshub

Ferrochrome producers in the world. Ferrochrome (FeCr) is an alloy of chrome and iron used in the production of stainless steel, special steel and castings. It is produced in an energy intensive process in electric furnaces from …

Exploring the World of Ferro Chrome: Production, Types, and …

The production of Ferro Chrome is a complex process that involves the reduction of chromite ore (FeCr2O4) using carbon or silicon in the presence of a high-temperature …

South African ferrochrome industry 'running out of time' …

South Africa's ferrochrome industry has taken its first steps towards independent power generation, with plans to generate up to 750 MW of its own electricity (comprising wind, solar and ...

ferrochrome; all you need to know about it

Ferrochrome is a ferroalloy in the metallurgy, playing a key role in the production of stainless steel. This alloy, consisting primarily of iron and chromium (50-705), is …

Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of …

PRODUCTION ROUTES OF HC FECR In 2020, global ferrochrome production was 12.7 million tonnes in which China, South Africa and Kazakhstan rank as the top three producers.14 Chromite (FeCr 2O 4) ore is today the only economical chromium resource that contains about 45%Cr 2O 3. It is extracted by either open-pit or underground

Ferrochrome Smelting In Zimbabwe

The Zimbabwean ferrochrome production sector is dominated by four main players, with ZIMASCO and ZimAlloys being biggest and oldest producers. The other two smaller producers are Maranatha Ferrochrome and Oliken Ferroalloys. Some small-scale smelters have recently opened up including MonaChrome, Wel Mining,CINA and Jin An Corp & …

Simulation of Ferrochrome Settling Behavior in a …

The ferrochrome settling behavior significantly affects the smelting performance of a submerged arc furnace. This paper presents a three-dimensional (3D) transient mathematical model simulating the complex multiphase flow and thermochemical phenomena inside an industrial furnace. Via the model, the smelting phenomena are …

Analysis of Electrical Energy Consumption in a Novel Direct …

Submerged arc furnace is a smelting device with high efficiency but huge electricity consumption. A novel structure of direct current (DC) submerged arc furnace is investigated for ferrochrome production to save electric energy. For this purpose, a three-dimensional transient multi-physics model is developed to simulate the furnace. Via the model, the …

Ferrochrome

The total world steel production is presented in Figure 2.5 a and the total ferroalloys production in Figure 2.5 b, except for ferrochrome even ferromanganese, …

(PDF) Direct Production of Ferrochrome by Segregation Reduction of

The SAF process for ferrochrome production is extremely. electric energy-intensive [3], with the specific energy consumption (SEC) in the range of 2.4–4.8 MWh. per ton of ferrochrome produced

Africa's 'largest' ferrochrome plant takes shape

FORTUNE 500 company, Tsingshang's massive steel and ferrochrome production plant is taking shape near Zimbabwe's mining town of Mvuma, Standardbusiness established last week. The operation is being established by Dinson Iron and Steel Company (Disco), which is a unit of Tsingshang.

High Carbon Ferrochrome Technology

In terms of high carbon ferrochrome production, the main environmental focus is to reduce emissions of dust from stacks and tapping processes to prevent contamination of groundwater with hazardous components and to reduce/limit the release of carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere. ... M. de A. Contrucci, P.H.C. Costa, L.M.A. Camargo, E.S ...

Ferrochrome slag: A critical review of its properties, …

1. Introduction. Ferrochrome slag is a by-product of the production of ferro-chrome alloy, an essential component in stainless steel. The conventional process of ferrochrome making involves the carbothermic reduction of chromite ore where around 1.2–1.5 tons of slag containing approximately 8–12% of chromium oxide is generated per ton of hot …

Improving the production of low-carbon ferrochrome

The smelting of low-carbon ferrochrome by melt mixing is reviewed, with particular attention to developments at OAO Serovskii Zavod Ferrosplavov. Practical experience with the two-stage production of low-carbon ferrochrome by melt mixing from slags of variable basicity is described. A strategy for improving this technology is proposed.

Ferroalloys

Ferrochrome. Most of the world's ferrochrome is used in the production of corrosion resistant steel, more specifically stainless steel. Manganese alloys. Most of the world's manganese is used in carbon steel production. Ferrovanadium. Vanadium alloys are used to strengthen specialty steels for use in niche and high-end applications. It is also ...

An Overview of Currently Applied Ferrochrome …

Ferrochrome (FeCr) is the main source of chromium (Cr) units used in modern-day chromium (Cr) containing alloys. The vast majority of produced Cr is used during the production of stainless steel, which owes its corrosion resistance mainly to the …

The rise and rise of ferro-chrome: Where next for the alloy?

Likewise, Fastmarkets' records show comparably strong liquidity on the fortnightly assessment of ferro-chrome 0.10% C, average 65-70% Cr, delivered Europe, with …

High Carbon Ferro Chrome Production Process

The melting point of high carbon ferrochrome is above 1500°C. In order to achieve better separation of slag and iron, the melting point of slag needs to be controlled above …

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